High-speed electro-optic modulation in topological interface states of a one-dimensional lattice

Electro-optic modulators, which convert signals from the electrical to the optical domain, are at the heart of optical communications, terahertz wireless communications, microwave signal processing, and quantum technology. Next-generation electro-optic modulators require high-density integration, compact footprints, large bandwidths, and low power consumption. They are challenging to achieve with established integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) or microring devices.